Reasoning The Reasons

LEGAL REASONING

LEGAL PRINCIPLES for Qs. 1-2:

1. An attempt is an act committed in part execution of a criminal design or intent, more than mere preparation, but falling short of actual commission.
2. Whoever, by deceiving any person, fraudulently or dishonestly induces the person so deceived to deliver any property to any person, or to consent that any person shall retain any property, or intentionally induces the person so deceived to do or omit to do anything which he would not do/omit if he were not so deceived, and which act or omission causes or is likely to cause damage or harm to that person in body, mind, reputation or property, is said to “cheat”.
3. Preparation is the second stage in the commission of a crime. It means to arrange the necessary measures for the commission of the intended criminal act.
4. Whoever causes death by doing an act with the intention of causing death, or with the intention of causing such bodily injury as is likely to cause death, or with the knowledge that his act is likely to cause death, commits the offence of murder.
5. Whoever causes the death of any person by doing any rash or negligent act shall be guilty of negligence.

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1. In which of the following cases, X is guilty of attempting to commit the offence?
   a) X, in order to forge a document purporting to be executed by Y, sent his servant to buy a stamp paper in the name of Y. As the servant reaches shop, he is arrested
   b) X shoots at Y whose back is towards him. Y is not hurt as he is beyond the range of the gun.
   c) X pours half a pint of substance from a bottle marked ‘poison’ into the drink of Y. Y is not aware of it. Later, it turns out that the bottle did not contain any poison
   d) X administers some noxious substance to Y so that an abortion results. The woman was not pregnant.
   
   
2. FACTUAL SITUATION: A applied for the post of P.G. Teacher in a government school and submitted his application along with his degrees. He was called for the interview on 10 June 2019. But the school authorities on 10 May 2019 discovered that the copy of the degrees attached with A’s application are forged and so the interview was cancelled. Is any offence committed by A?
   a) A is guilty of cheating
   b) A is guilty of preparation to cheat
   c) A is guilty of attempt to cheat
   d) A is not guilty of any offence as he is not called for the interview
   
   
   The answers are: 1. (b); 2. (c);

LOGICAL REASONING

Directions (Qs. 1 to 3): Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions. B, M, T, R, K, H and D are travelling in a train compartment with III-tier sleeper berth. Each of them has a different profession of Engineer, Doctor, Architect, Pharmacist, Lawyer, Journalist and Pathologist. They occupied two lower berths, three middle berths and two upper berths. B, the Engineer, is not on the upper berth. The Architect is the only other person who occupies the same type of berth as that of B. M and H are not on the middle berth and their professions are Pathologist and Lawyer respectively. T is a Pharmacist. D is neither a Journalist nor an Architect. K occupies the same type of berth as that of the Doctor.

1. Who is the Architect?
   a) D
   b) H
   c) R
   d) Data inadequate
   
   
2. What is D’s profession?
   a) Pharmacist
   b) Lawyer
   c) Doctor
   d) Engineer
   
   
3. Which of the following pairs occupies the lower berth?
   a) BT
   b) BD
   c) BK
   d) BR
   
   
   The answers are: 1. (c); 2. (c); 3. (d);
   

ANALYTICAL REASONING

1. The program to contrail the entry of illegal drugs into the country was a failure in 1987. If the program had been successful, the wholesale price of most illegal drugs would not have dropped substantially in 1987.
   The argument in the passage depends on which of the following assumptions?
   a) The supply of illegal drugs dropped substantially in 1987.
   b) The price paid for most illegal drugs by the average consumer did not drop substantially in 1987.
   c) Domestic production of illegal drugs increased at a higher rate than did the entry of such drugs into the country.
   d) A drop in demand for most illegal drugs in 1987 was the sole cause of the drop in their wholesale price.
   
   
   The answer is (d).